Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wamabhethri Ebhayisikili Kagesi: Izixazululo Zamandla Zama-E-Bhayisikili

Ukukhula okusheshayo kwemakethe yokuhamba ngogesi kubeke isixazululo sebhayisikili likagesi phambili ekusungulweni kwezokuthutha zanamuhla. Enhliziyweni yebhayisikili ngalinye likagesi kukhona ibhetri yalo, ingxenye enquma ubude bohambo, ukusebenza, kanye nokwaneliseka komsebenzisi jikelele. Ukuqonda ukuthi le mithombo yamandla isebenza kanjani kubalulekile kunoma ubani ohileleke embonini yamabhayisikili kagesi, kusukela kubakhiqizi kuya kwabaqhubi bezimoto kanye nakubathengi bokugcina. Ibhetri akulona nje kuphela isitsha samandla; iyisistimu eyinkimbinkimbi ye-electrochemical okumele ilinganise ukuminyana kwamandla, isisindo, izindleko, nokuphepha. Isixazululo sebhayisikili likagesi esiklanywe kahle singashintsha ukuhamba emadolobheni ngokunikeza enye indlela ephumelelayo, enokukhipha umoya omncane uma iqhathaniswa nezimoto zendabuko. Nokho, ukukhetha i-chemistry yebhetri engalungile noma ukunganaki ukunakekelwa okufanele kungaholela ekusebenzeni kabi, ukuncipha kwesikhathi sokuphila, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukunikeza umbono obanzi wobuchwepheshe bebhetri yebhayisikili likagesi, usiza amabhizinisi ukuthi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngezingxenye ezihlanganiswa emikhiqizweni yawo. Noma ngabe uthola amabhetri emodeli entsha yebhayisikili likagesi noma uthuthukisa umklamo okhona, ulwazi olwethulwe lapha luzosebenza njengereferensi ebalulekile. Imboni iyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokushesha, futhi ukuhlala unolwazi ngentuthuko yakamuva kubalulekile ekugcineni inzuzo yokuncintisana emkhakheni wokuhamba ngogesi.

Amabhathri e-lithium-ion asephenduke ukukhetha okuvelele kumabhayisikili esimanje kagesi (e-bikes) ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo kwamandla okungaphezulu kanye nesisindo esilula uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bakudala. La mabhathri avumela abakhiqizi ukuthi baklame izinhlaka ezinhle, ezimfishane kuyilapho besanikeza amabanga amandla ahlaba umxhwele ahlangabezana nokulindelwe ngabathengi. Iseli elijwayelekile le-lithium-ion elisetshenziswa kuma-e-bikes lisebenza nge-voltage evamile engu-3.6V kuya ku-3.7V futhi lingahlelwa ngokulandelana nangokuhambisana ukuze kutholakale i-voltage nephakethe elifunekayo. Ikhemistri evame ukusetshenziswa kuma-e-bikes i-lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) noma i-lithium iron phosphate (LFP), ngayinye inikeza ukushintshana okuhlukile phakathi kokuminyana kwamandla, ukuzinza kokushisa, nempilo yomjikelezo. Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion izinga layo eliphansi lokuzikhulula (self-discharge), okusho ukuthi ibhathri ligcina ukushaja kwalo isikhathi eside uma lingasetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphakethe esimanje e-lithium-ion aklanywa ngamasekhethi avikelayo ahlanganisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha amabhathri eziqapha ama-voltage namazinga okushisa amaseli ngamanye ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushaja ngokweqile nokukhipha amandla ngokujulile. Izindleko zamabhathri e-lithium-ion zehle kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, okwenza atholakale ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zama-e-bikes kusukela kwabagibeli abajwayelekile kuya kumabhayisikili asezintabeni kagesi asebenza kahle kakhulu.

Amabhathiri e-lead-acid, nakuba esekhishwe kakhulu emabhayisikilini kagesi aphezulu, asatholakala kwamanye amamodeli abiza kancane kanye nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezohwebo lapho izindleko ziyisici esiyinhloko. Lawa mabhathiri asinda kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-lithium-ion, ngokuvamile engeza amakhilogremu angu-5 kuya kwangu-10 esisindweni sonke sebhayisikili, okuthinta kabi ukuphathwa kanye nolwazi lomgibeli. Ukuminyana kwamandla kwe-lead-acid cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu kwe-lithium-ion, okusho ukuthi iphakethe le-lead-acid kumele libe likhulu futhi lisinde kakhulu ukuze linikeze amandla asebenzisekayo afanayo. Nokho, ubuchwepheshe be-lead-acid buzuza ngengqalasizinda yokugaywa kabusha esungulwe kahle, njengoba ngaphezu kuka-99% wezinto ze-lead-acid zingatholakala futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe. Ezinhlelweni ezinesivinini esiphansi, ezamabanga amafushane njengamathilogo amancane okuletha noma izimoto eziqashiswayo ezinemijikelezo yokushaja yansuku zonke, i-lead-acid isengamelela isixazululo esisebenzayo sebhayisikili likagesi ngokombono wezomnotho kuphela. Iphrofayili yokushaja yamabhathiri e-lead-acid yehlukile kwe-lithium-ion, idinga uhlelo lwe-constant-voltage constant-current olungamelanga luphazanyiswe ukuze kugwenywe i-sulfation kanye nokulahleka kwamandla. Izidingo zokunakekela nazo ziphakeme, njengoba amaseli e-lead-acid edinga ukugcwaliswa ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi ahlanzekile (distilled water) ekwakhiweni okuningi. Naphezu kwalokhu kubi, inzuzo yezindleko zokuqala ze-lead-acid iyaqhubeka nokuyenza ibalulekile ezimakethe ezisafufusayo ezigxile entengo lapho intengo yokuthenga yokuqala idlula ukucatshangelwa kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

Ukuqonda izimfuneko eziyisisekelo zebhetri ye-e-bike kubalulekile ekukhetheni isixazululo esifanele sebhayisikili likagesi kusetshenziswa oluthile. I-voltage, elinganiswa ngama-volts (V), inquma amandla kagesi ebhakedi lebhetri futhi ithonya ngqo amandla e-motor nejubane eliphezulu. Iningi lama-e-bike asebenzisa izinhlelo ze-36V noma ze-48V, kanti amabhakedi ane-voltage ephezulu afana ne-52V noma i-72V ayavela kumamodeli asebenza kahle kakhulu nawangaphandle adinga i-torque enkulu nokusheshisa. Umthamo, ovezwa ngama-ampere-hours (Ah), ukhombisa ukuthi ibhetri ingagcina malini futhi ulingana ngqo nebanga i-e-bike engalifinyelela ngaphansi komthwalo othile. Isibonelo, ibhakede le-48V 14Ah ligcina amandla angama-watt-hours (Wh) angu-672, okungavamise ukuhambisa i-commuter e-bike amakhilomitha angu-40 kuya kwangu-80 kuye ngokuthi indawo injani, isisindo somgibeli, nezinga losizo. Izinga lokukhipha amandla, elichazwa njenge-C-rating, likutshela ukuthi ibhetri ingakhipha ngokushesha malini amandla ayo agciniwe. Ibhetri enezinga lokukhipha elingu-1C ingakhipha umthamo wayo wonke ngehora elilodwa, kanti ibhetri engu-2C ingakhipha amandla afanayo ngesigamu sehora. Kwezinhlelo ze-e-bike, amazinga okuqhubeka okukhipha amandla angu-1C kuya ku-3C ajwayelekile, kanti ukuqhuma okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokusheshisa noma ukukhuphuka kwezintaba kudinga imisinga ephezulu yesikhashana. Ukufanisa ikhono lokukhipha amandla lebhetri nesidingo se-motor controller kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukwehla kwe-voltage, ukushisa ngokweqile, nokonakala kwamaseli ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Amabhizinisi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi abonisane nezimfuneko zomkhiqizi we-motor futhi asebenze nabahlinzeki bebhetri abathembekile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi imingcele kagesi ihambisana kahle.

Uhlelo Lokulawula Ibhetri, oluvame ukubizwa ngokufushane ngokuthi i-BMS, luyingxenye ebalulekile kagesi evikela ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwanoma yiliphi iphakethe lebhetri ye-lithium-ion elisetshenziswa kusixazululo sebhayisikili likagesi. I-BMS iqhubeka iqapha ama-voltage e-cell ngamunye, i-current yephakethe, kanye nezinga lokushisa ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi i-cell ngayinye isebenza ngaphakathi komkhawulo wayo wokuphepha. Uma noma iyiphi i-cell idlula i-voltage ephezulu ngesikhathi sokushaja noma yehle ngezansi kwe-voltage ephansi ngesikhathi sokukhipha amandla, i-BMS izonqamula iphakethe ukuze ivikele umonakalo noma isenzakalo esingaba khona sokushisa ngokweqile. Ngale kokuvikelwa okuyisisekelo, amayunithi e-BMS athuthukile enza nokulinganisa ama-cell, okulinganisa isimo sokushaja kuwo wonke ama-cell axhunywe ngokulandelana ukuze kwandiswe umthamo osebenzisekayo wephakethe. Ukulinganisa okungasebenzi kusabalalisa amandla engeziwe kuma-cell ashajwe kakhulu njengokushisa, kuyilapho ukulinganisa okusebenzayo kusabalalisa amandla ngendlela ephumelelayo phakathi kwama-cell. Emabhizinisini afuna ukufaka i-BMS ethembekile emikhiqizweni yawo, i-Fujia Power inikeza uhlelo oluphelele.IKHATHALOGU YE-FUJIA BMS ehlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zokucushwa ezifanele ama-e-bike, ama-e-moto, nezimoto ezinesivinini esiphansi. Ama-BMS anamuhla angakwazi futhi ukuxhumana nesibonisi se-e-bike nesilawuli ngamaphrothokholi afana ne-UART, I²C, noma i-CAN bus, enikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela ngesimo sokushaja, ubude obusele, namakhodi amaphutha okuxilonga. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-BMS ehlakaniphile nezinkundla ezisekelwe emafini, njenge-Inkundla yamafu ehlinzekwa yi-Fujia Power, ivumela abaqhubi bezimoto ukuthi baqaphe impilo yebhethri bekude futhi balungiselele izikhathi zokushaja. Ukukhetha i-BMS ehambisana ne-chemistry yamaseli, inani lamaseli, nesilinganiso samanje sephakethe lebhethri yakho isinqumo sobunjiniyela esibalulekile esithinta ngqo ukuphepha nokwethembeka komkhiqizo. I-BMS eklanywe kahle ayivikeli nje kuphela ibhethri kodwa ithuthukisa nolwazi oluphelele lomsebenzisi ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki emijikelezweni yokushaja engamakhulu.

Imikhuba yokushaja efanele iphakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwandiseni impilo yebhetri ye-e-bike nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nsuku zonke. Ukusebenzisa ishaja eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukwakheka kwekhemikhali yebhetri kanye ne-voltage yephakethe lakho akukwazi ukuxoxiswana, ngoba amashaja angahambelani angadala i-overvoltage, ukushisa ngokweqile, kanye nokonakala kwamaseli okungapheli. Iningi lamabhetri esimanje e-lithium-ion e-bike kufanele ashajwe endaweni elawulwa izinga lokushisa phakathi kuka-0°C no-45°C, ngoba ukushaja ngaphandle kwalesi silinganiso kungasheshisa ukuwohloka noma kuvule izifunda zokuphepha. Kuyanconywa ngokujwayelekile ukuthi kushajwe ibhetri kungabi ngaphezu kuka-80% kuya ku-90% wamandla alo agcwele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, kugcinwe ukushaja okugcwele kuka-100% kuphela lapho kudingeka ubude obukhulu bohambo olude. Lo mkhuba, owaziwa ngokuthi i-shallow cycling, wehlisa kakhulu ingcindezi kumaseli futhi ungaphinda kabili impilo yomjikelezo wephakethe kwezinye izimo. Lapho ugcina i-e-bike isikhathi eside, ibhetri kufanele ishiywe cishe ku-50% kuya ku-60% wamandla ayo endaweni epholile neyomile ukunciphisa ukuzikhulula nokulahleka kwamandla. I-Fujia Power ihlinzeka ngohlu lwemishini yokushaja yekhwalithi ephezulu enemininingwane ku-IKHATHALOGU YESHAJA YE-FUJIA, okuhlanganisa amamodeli aphathwayo nangokungangeni manzi aklanyelwe izinhlelo ezahlukene ze-e-bike. I-ishaja ephathwayoIsigaba, ngokwesibonelo, sinikeza izixazululo ezinciphile ngokwanele ukuthi zithwaleke nsuku zonke ngenkathi ziletha ukusebenza okuthembekile kokushaja. Ukuhlola njalo intambo yokushaja, isixhumi, kanye nendawo yebhethri ukuze ubone izimpawu zokuguga, ukugqwala, noma ukulimala komzimba kuyindlela elula yokuvikela engavimbela izehlakalo eziyingozi ezinkulu. Ukusebenzisa lezi zinqubo ezinhle njengendlela ejwayelekile yokusebenza, kungaba ngokwakho noma ukuphatha izimoto, kuzokhulisa imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe bebhethri.

Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenza namabhetri e-lithium-ion anamandla aphezulu, futhi noma yisiphi isixazululo sebhayisikili kagesi kumele sibeke phambili izindlela eziqinile zokuvikela ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi. Ukushisa okungalawuleki (thermal runaway), isimo lapho ukufushaniswa kwangaphakathi kubangela ukuthi iseli lishise kakhulu futhi livuthise amaseli angomakhelwane, yingozi enkulu kakhulu ehambisana namabhetri e-bhayisikili kagesi. Lesi simo singabangelwa amaphutha okukhiqiza, ukushaywa ngomzimba, ukushaja ngokweqile, noma ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, yingakho ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuqinisekiswa kuyizinto ezibalulekile lapho kutholwa amaseli namaphakethe. Wonke amabhetri e-bhayisikili kagesi kumele aqinisekiswe ngokwezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele ezifana ne-UN 38.3 yokuphepha kwezokuthutha, i-UL 2271 yamabhetri ezimoto zikagesi ezilula, noma i-IEC 62133 yamaseli avaliwe aphathwayo. I-BMS idlala indima enkulu ekuvimbeleni ukushisa okungalawuleki ngokuqhubeka iqapha izinga lokushisa futhi inqamule ukugeleza kwamanje uma kutholakala ukushisa okungajwayelekile. Ukucatshangelwa kokuklanywa komzimba, njengokusebenzisa izinto zokugqoka ezingavuthiyo, ukufaka ama-valve okukhulula umfutho, nokuqinisekisa isikhala esifanele samaseli ukuze ukushisa kusakazeke, kuqhubeka kunciphisa amathuba okwehluleka okuyinhlekelele. Emabhizinisini asebenzisa izimoto eziningi noma iziteshi zokushintsha amabhetri, ukuhlanganisa i-I-BMS yama-E-bike/E-moto/AMA-AGV vehicles enezikhono zokuqapha nge-cloud inikeza izinga elengeziwe lokugada kanye nesexwayiso sokuqala. Abasebenzisi bokugcina kufanele bafundiswe ukuthi bangalokothi bashiywe ibhetri ishajwa inganakwa isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, futhi babeke ibhetri endaweni engavuthi umlilo kude namakhethini noma ifenisha. Ngokuphatha ukuphepha njengemfuneko yokuklama ezingeni lesistimu kunokuba kube into ecatshangwa kamuva, abakhiqizi nabaqhubi bangakha ukwethenjwa futhi banciphise umthwalo womthetho emakethe ekhula ngokushesha yama-e-bike.

Ukukhetha ibhetri ekahle kakhulu yohlelo oluthile lwe-e-bike kudinga ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile kwezimfuneko zokusebenza, imikhawulo yesabelomali, kanye nomongo wokusebenza. Iphuzu lokuqala lesinqumo ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ebhetri, lapho i-lithium-ion inikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu nokuphila kwemijikelezo emide, kuyilapho i-lead-acid ingase icatshangelwe ezimweni zokusetshenziswa ezibiza kakhulu, ezinobubanzi obuphansi. Uma i-lithium-ion isikhethiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukunquma i-voltage evamile, okufanele ihambisane nokucaciswa kwe-motor ne-controller ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezifiselekayo zejubane ne-torque. Ukukhethwa komthamo kuncike ebangeni elihlosiwe, lapho abagibeli bensuku zonke ngokuvamile bedinga u-400Wh kuya ku-600Wh futhi amabhayisikili okuletha noma okuhamba ibanga elide ngokuvamile edinga u-700Wh kuya ku-1000Wh noma ngaphezulu. Ubunjalo bomzimba buyinto enye ebalulekile okufanele icatshangwe, ngoba ibhetri kufanele ingene ngaphakathi kwefreyimu, i-rear rack, noma i-downtube ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuhle bebhayisikili noma i-centre of gravity. Amabhizinisi kufanele futhi ahlole uhlobo lwe-cell negirayidi, nabakhiqizi abaziwayo abafana no-Samsung, LG, Panasonic, noma CATL abanikeza ikhwalithi engaguquki namashidi okucaciswa anemininingwane. I-BMS kufanele okungenani ifake ukuvikelwa kokushaja ngokweqile, ukukhipha amandla ngokweqile, ukugcwala ngokweqile, isekethe emfushane, nokushisa, futhi amandla okulinganisa anconyiwe kakhulu amaphakethe anamaseli angaphezu kwe-10 ochungechungeni. Ezinkampanini ezifuna ukwenza lula uchungechunge lwazo lokuhlinzeka, ukuhlola okupheleleImikhiqizoIkhasi elivela ku-Fujia Power liveza uhlu lwamashaja nezixazululo ze-BMS ezihambisana nokuhlelwa kwamabhethri okuhlukahlukene. Ekugcineni, ukucabangela izindleko zobunikazi, okuhlanganisa impilo yomjikelezo, ukusebenza kahle kokushaja, kanye nezindleko zokulahla ekupheleni kwempilo, kunikeza umbono onembe kakhulu kunokuqhathanisa izindleko zokuqala kuphela. Indlela ehlelekile yokukhetha ibhethri inciphisa izimangalo zewaranti, ithuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, futhi iqinisa isixazululo se-e-bike esiphelele esinikezwa emakethe.

I-bhizinisi lamabhethri ezimoto zikagesi (e-bike) lithuthuka ngokushesha, kuqhutshwa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto zokwakha, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwedijithali. Amabhethri e-solid-state, afaka i-electrolyte eqinile esikhundleni se-liquid electrolyte, athembisa ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, nezikhathi zokushaja ezisheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bamanje be-lithium-ion. Nakuba amaseli e-solid-state esesigabeni sokuqala sokuthengisa kwezinto zikagesi zabathengi nezimoto, amabhayisikili kagesi maningi amathuba okuthi azuze kulokhu kuqamba okusha phakathi neminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu ezayo. Okunye ukuthambekela okusafufusa ukwamukelwa kwe-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) chemistry kumabhayisikili kagesi, okunikeza umjikelezo wokuphila omude nokuzinza okungcono kokushisa ngezindleko zokuminyana kwamandla okuphansi kancane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-NMC. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi ajwayelekile okushintshana ngamabhethri kukhula ngamandla e-Asia naseYurophu, kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bashintshe ibhethri eliphelile ngeleligcwele ngokugcwele ngemizuzwana, kuqedwe ukukhathazeka ngobubanzi bokuhamba ngokuphelele. Lezi zinhlelo zokushintshana zincike ezinkundleni ze-BMS ezihlakaniphile ezixhumeke kwi-cloud, ezifana ne-Inkundla yamafu, ukuphatha izimpahla, ukuqapha impilo yamaseli, nokuthuthukisa imijikelezo yokushaja kumabhethri ayizinkulungwane ngasikhathi sinye. Ubuchwepheshe bokushaja ngokungenantambo nakho buyahlolwa kuma-e-bike, okuvumela abagibeli ukuthi bavele bapake ibhayisikili labo phezu kwephedi yokushaja ngaphandle kokudinga ukubamba izintambo noma izixhumi. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa ekuphathweni kwebhethri kungenye indlela entsha, lapho ama-algorithms abikezela impilo esele yokusebenza, athole izimpawu zakuqala zokonakala kwamaseli, futhi alungise imingcele yokushaja ngesikhathi sangempela. Njengoba imithetho mayelana nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri nokubikwa kwe-carbon footprint iba nzima, abakhiqizi bazodinga ukuklama ngokujikeleza kusukela ekuqaleni komjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Lezi zindlela zihlangene zikhomba esikhathini esizayo lapho isixazululo sebhayisikili likagesi sihlakaniphe khona, siphephe, futhi simeme kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Ohambweni olude, kunconywa ibhethri le-lithium-ion eline-voltage engu-48V namandla okungenani angu-17Ah (816Wh) ukuze kutholakale amakhilomitha angu-60 kuya kwangu-100 ngokushaja ngakunye ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Ukuhlanganisa lokhu ne-BMS esezingeni elihle ne-charger ehlakaniphile kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki futhi kwandisa impilo yebhethri emijikelezweni eminingi.

Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ye-e-bike enakekelwe kahle ngokuvamile ihlala phakathi kwemijikelezo yokushaja ephelele engu-500 nengu-1000, okuhumusha cishe iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-4 yokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Izici ezinjengemikhuba yokushaja, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, nokujula kokukhishwa kwamandla kuthonya kakhulu ubude besikhathi sangempela umsebenzisi abhekana nabo.

Yebo, amabhetri e-lead-acid angasebenza njengesixazululo sebhayisikili likagesi eshibhile kwezohambo olufushane, ukusebenza ngesivinini esiphansi lapho isabelomali siyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ubunzima obukhulu, impilo yokusebenza emfushane, kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zokunakekela kuvame ukuholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokuphelela kokuphatha uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho ze-lithium-ion ezingeni lokuqala.

I-BMS, noma i-Battery Management System, iyisifunda sikagesi esivikela ibhetri ekushajweni ngokweqile, ekukhishweni ngokweqile, ekushiseni ngokweqile, nasekufinyezweni kwesekethe kuyilapho ilinganisa ama-voltage amaseli ngamanye. Ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphephile nasekwandiseni impilo yokusebenza yanoma iyiphi iphakethe lebhetri le-lithium-ion esixazululweni sebhayisikili likagesi.

Iplathifomu ye-Cloud inika amandla ukuqapha okukude ngesikhathi sangempela kwezinga lokushaja lebhethri, izinga lokushisa, nempilo yalo kuyo yonke imoto kagesi. Abaphathi bezimoto bangathola izaziso ezisheshayo ngezinto ezingavamile, bahlele ukulungiswa okusebenzayo, futhi bathuthukise imijikelezo yokushaja ukuze banciphise isikhathi sokuphumula kokusebenza futhi bandise ubude bempilo yebhethri.

I-portable charger yakhelwe ukuthi ibe incane futhi ilula ukuze ithwaleke kalula ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kanti i-standard charger ingaba nkulu futhi ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ekhaya noma ehhovisi. Zombili kufanele zihambisane ne-voltage yebhetri kanye ne-chemistry, kodwa ama-portable models avame ukufaka izici zokuphepha ezengeziwe kanye nama-foldable prongs ukuze kube lula.

Ukushaja ibhethri le-e-bike ngaphakathi endlini ebusuku kunengozi ethile, ikakhulukazi uma ibhethri noma ishaja ilimele, ingeyomgunyathi, noma ingahambelani. Kuphephile ukushaja emini lapho kukhona umuntu, ubeke ibhethri endaweni engashi, futhi usebenzise ishaja enokucisha okuzenzakalelayo nokuvikela okweqile kagesi.

I-BMS efanele kufanele ifane nesibalo samaseli ochungechungeni, umsinga omkhulu oqhubekayo wokukhipha, kanye namakhemikhali ephakethe lakho lebhethri. Ukubonisana ne-FUJIA BMS CATALOGUE kungakusiza ukuthi uhlonze amamodeli afanele ngokusekelwe kumandla kagesi, isilinganiso samanje, nezici ezengeziwe ezifana nokuxhumana nge-Bluetooth noma ukulinganisa okusebenzayo.

Ukunakekelwa kwebhethri le-e-bike kuhlanganisa ukugcina izintambo zihlanzekile, ukugcina ibhethri likalishwe ngo-50% kuya ku-60% endaweni epholile, ukugwema amazinga okushisa ashubile, nokusebenzisa ishaja elungile. Ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ikesi ukuze ubone ukuqhekeka noma ukuvuvukala, kanye nokuhlola isimo se-BMS ngesibonisi noma nge-app, nakho kuyizindlela ezinconyiwe.

Imizamo yemboni yokwenza izixhumi ezijwayelekile, amazinga kagesi, kanye nezinhlobo zomzimba ziyakhula, kodwa ukushintshana okugcwele phakathi kwemikhiqizo ehlukene akukakabi kabanzi. Amanethiwekhi okushintsha amabhethri asebenzisa izinga elijwayelekile aya ngokuya evame ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, okungaholela ekuhambisaneni okubanzi eminyakeni ezayo.